Test Code B2MU Beta-2 Microglobulin, Random, Urine
Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: For 12 hours before specimen collection, do not take multivitamins or dietary supplements containing biotin (vitamin B7) which is commonly found in hair, skin, and nail supplements and multivitamins.
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Container/Tube: Plastic, urine tube
Specimen Volume: 1.0 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Patient should empty bladder.
2. Have patient drink at least 0.5 liters of water.
3. Within 1 hour, collect a random urine specimen.
4. Add 1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as preservative to the collection. This preservative is intended to achieve an approximate pH of between 6 and 8.
Secondary ID
602026Useful For
Evaluation of renal tubular damage
Monitoring exposure to cadmium and mercury
Method Name
Automated Chemiluminescent Immunometric Assay
Reporting Name
Beta-2 Microglobulin, USpecimen Type
UrineSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.5mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Urine | Frozen (preferred) | 14 days | |
Refrigerated | 48 hours |
Reject Due To
Specimen with pH <6 | Reject |
Clinical Information
Beta-2 microglobulin is a low-molecular-weight protein that forms the light chain component of class I histocompatibility (HLA: human leukocyte antigen) antigens. Because of its low molecular weight (11,800 daltons), 95% of free beta-2 microglobulin is rapidly eliminated by glomerular filtration. Proximal tubular cells then take up 99.9% of this filtered amount by endocytosis, after which degradation to amino acids occurs. Normal urinary excretion of beta-2 microglobulin is less than 370 micrograms per 24 hours; higher rates are interpreted as evidence of tubular dysfunction.
Increased urine levels are seen in proximal tubular renal damage due to a variety of causes including Wilson disease, Fanconi syndrome, untreated congenital galactosemia, nephrocalcinosis, cystinosis, chronic potassium depletion, interstitial nephritis, connective-tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren syndrome. Occupational exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium and mercury could also lead to increase levels of beta-2 microglobulin in urine.
Reference Values
≤300 mcg/L
Interpretation
Increased excretion is consistent with renal tubular damage.
Beta-2 microglobulin excretion is increased 100 to 1000 times the upper limit of the reference interval in cadmium-exposed workers.
CPT Code Information
82232
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
B2MU | Beta-2 Microglobulin, U | 1953-9 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
B2MU | Beta-2 Microglobulin, U | 1953-9 |
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Renal Diagnostics Test Request (T830) with the specimen.